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J.P.E. Hartmann

Ravnen eller Broderprøven

Trylle-Opera i tre Acter

Der Rabe

Zauber-Oper in drei Aufzügen

The Raven

Fairy Tale Opera in Three Acts

Opus 12
HartW 1
DF 189

Author: Hans Christian Andersen after Carlo Gozzi's "Il corvo"

Composition: 1830 to1832.

Hartmann and Hans Christian Andersen were only twenty five years old - they were both born in 1805 - when they started working on "Ravnen". Hartmann was not Andersen's first choice, he had already asked Ivar Bredal and Friedrich Kuhlau, but both declined. The text is an adaptation of the Venetian nobleman and dramatist Carlo Gozzi's "Il corvo". The premiere and the following five performances were received very favourably by the audience, but the opera was nevertheless taken off the bill and only received one single performance a year later. In 1846 Hartmann and Andersen decided to revise the opera drastically, the spoken dialogue was substituted by recitatives and new characters added, but when is was staged twenty years later in April 1865 it was such a failure that Hartmann decided never to write an opera again.

Original version 1832

Instrumentation: Orchestra: picc.flauto piccolo (piccolo) , 2 fl.flauto (flute) , 2 ob.oboe , 2 cl.clarinetto (clarinet) , 2 fg.fagotto (bassoon) , 4 cor.corno (horn) , cor. di bass.corno di bassetto (basset horn) , 2 tr.tromba (trumpet) , 3 trb.trombone , timp.timpani , trgl.triangolo (triangel) , gr.c.gran cassa (bass drum) & ptti.piatti (cymbals) , pf.pianoforte (piano) , vl.1violino 1 , vl.2violino 2 , va.viola , vc.violoncello solo, vc.violoncello , cb.contrabbasso (double bass) Choir: S.soprano , S.soprano , A.alto , T.tenore (tenor) , T.tenore (tenor) , B.basso (bass) , B.basso (bass)

Roles: Millo, Konge af Frattombrosa (Bar); Jennaro, hans Broder (T); Norando, en mægtig Magiker og Hersker paa den afrikanske Kyst (B); Armilla, hans Datter (S); Deramo, en Luftaand (MezzS); Smeraldina, en rig, gammelagtig Dame (S); Brighella (T); Tartaglia (Bar); Pantalone (B); Truffaldino; Tre Havfruer (SSA); En Vampyr (S)
Millo, King of Frattombrosa (Bar); Jennaro, his brother (T); Norando, a mighty magician and ruler on the African coast (B); Armilla, his daughter (S); Deramo, a spirit (MezzS); Smeraldina, a wealthy, elderly lady (S); Three mermaids (SSA); A vampyre (S)

Music

Sources

Score, autograph, fair copy

[Classification: Notated music, Manuscript, Autograph, Score, Fair copy, Complete]

3 volumes.

DK-KkDet Kongelige Bibliotek, København C II, 114 tv.fol.folio 1944-45.

Volume 1

Title page + 188 pages; 27 x 37 cm.

Title page: Ravnen / Trylleopera i 3 Acter / digtet efter Gozzis Maskekomedie "il corvo" af H:C: Andersen / Musik af I:P:E: Hartmann / Op:12 / første Gang opført den 29^de Octbr. 1832.

Bound in brown leather with marbled sides. On the spine in gold, the monogram of King Frederik IX and "I:P:E: HARTMANN / RAVNEN / 1 ACT. / PART". Written in brown ink. Paper: 18 staves (pp. 1-110); 16 staves (pp. 111-126); 18 staves (pp. 127-188). Hartmann has paginated the overture separately on each bifolio and then Nos. 1-14, that is the entire opera (all three volumes) also on each bifolio (pp.1-102) The whole of volume 1 is paginated consecutively in pencil in a foreign hand. With minor corrections. Between pp. 80 and 81 a folio (34 x 26 cm) containing 8 bars, meant to replace the equivalent bars on p. 81, has been inserted. Being written in purple ink in Hartmann's hand indicates that it is a much later addition.

Volume 2

132 pages; 26.5 x 37.5 cm.

Title page: Ravnen, / 2^den Act / Partitur / I:P:E: Hartmann.

Bound in brown leather with marbled sides. On the spine in gold, the monogram of King Frederik IX and "I.P.E. HARTMANN / RAVNEN / 2. ACT / PART". Written in brown ink, with minor corrections in brown ink and additions in pencil. Paper: 16 staves (pp. 1-100); 18 staves (pp. 101-111); 12 staves (pp. 113-132). Paginated by Hartmann on each bifolio 36-63; paginated in foreign hand in pencil as volume 1; p. 112 blank; pp. 113-132 (paginated separately by Hartmann) pp. 1-20) contains "Dands til Finalet af 2^den Act i 'Ravnen' (vide Partiturets Ark 59 / 1^ste Side.)".

Volume 3

224 pages; 27 x 38 cm.

Title page: Ravnen / 3^die Act / Partitur / I:P:E: Hartmann.

Bound in brown leather with marbled sides. On the spine in gold, the monogram of King Frederik IX and "I.P.E. HARTMANN / RAVNEN / 3. ACT / PART". Written in brown ink, with corrections and additions in pencil. 16 staves (pp. 1-24); 14 staves (six unnumbered pages); 16 staves (pp. 25-188); 18 staves (pp. 189-223). Paginated by Hartmann on each bifolio 65-102. Paginated in foreign hand in pencil. From p. 40 to the end, the German translation of the text has been added in pencil. At the end of the music on p. 153, end-dated "d: 24^de Mai 1832.".

Piano score, four hands, autograph (Overture)

[Classification: Notated music, Manuscript, Autograph, Piano score, Fair copy, Excerpt]

14 pages; 37 x 26.5 cm.

Written in brown ink. Paper: 16 staves. Above the music: "Ouverture til 'Ravnen' arrangeret for 4 Hænder. I:P:E: Hartmann". In upper left-hand corner added in pencil in foreign hand: "Componistens Manuscript" which indicates that it is the printer's copy for the printed edition.

DK-KkDet Kongelige Bibliotek, København C II, 65 tv.fol.folio 1946-47.

Score, autograph, fair copy (No. 7 "Vise" & No. 2 "Matroschor")

[Classification: Notated music, Manuscript, Autograph, Score, Fair copy, Excerpt]

18 pages; 37 x 26 cm.

In leather half binding with marbled sides. In the middle of the front cover, a handwritten label inscribed: "Hartmann I. P. E / Ravnen / Matroschor, Vise / Partitur." In upper left-hand corner printed label: "Musikforeningens Archiv. / Partitur. A. No. 164 B.", and added in black ink: "Hartmann / Ravnen / Matroschor, Vise". Written in brown ink. Paper: 16 staves. Bound in opposite order. Two blank pages after "Vise". Last page blank.

DK-KkDet Kongelige Bibliotek, København C II, 114 tv2º 1944-45.

Vocal score, autograph (No. 7 "Brighellas Vise", Act Two)

[Classification: Notated music, Manuscript, Autograph, Vocal score, Fair copy, Excerpt]

4 pages; 27 x 38 cm.

1 bifolio. Written in brown ink. Paper: 12 staves. Above the first stave: "Vise af Operaen 'Ravnen', 2^den Act N^o 7." Unpaginated. Last page blank.

DK-KkDet Kongelige Bibliotek, København C II, 7 Hartmanns Samling 202 (Kapsel L - R).

Score, manuscript copy, fair copy

[Classification: Notated music, Manuscript, Copy, Score, Fair copy, Complete]

The score used for the performances at The Royal Theatre in 1832. All three volumes bound in brown leather with marbled sides. Handwritten labels pasted on front covers inscribed, "Ravnen / Partitur / 1^ste [2^den] [3^die] Akt."

DK-KkDet Kongelige Bibliotek, København C II, 114 Tv-Fol.

Volume 1

288 pages; 27 x 38.5 cm.

Title page: Ravnen eller Millo og Jennaro / Trylle=Opera i 3 Acter / af / H: C: Andersen / med Musik af / I: P: E: Hartmann / Partitur. Stamped "DET KONGELIGE THEATERS EIENDOM" (Property of The Royal Theatre).

Written in ink. Paper: 18 staves (pp. 1-126); 10 staves (pp. 127-142); 14 staves (pp. 143-192); 18 staves (pp. 193-288).

Volume 2

238 pages; 26.5 x 36.5 cm.

Written in ink. Paper: 14 staves (pp. 1-14); 16 staves (pp. 15-216); 18 staves (pp. 217-238).

Volume 3

224 pages; 27 x 38 cm.

Written in ink. Paper: 16 staves (pp. 1-24); 14 staves (6 unnumbered); 16 staves (pp. 25-188); 18 staves (pp. 189-223).

Score, manuscript copy, fair copy (Act Three)

[Classification: Notated music, Manuscript, Copy, Score, Fair copy, Excerpt]

224 pages; 26.5 x 37.5 cm.

Title page: Ravnen / Tredie Act / Partitur

In brown cloth with marbled sides. Two handwritten labels pasted on front cover; the one in the upper left-hand corner is inscribed: "Musikforeningens Archiv / Partitur. / Hartmann / Ravnen, 3^die Akt. / A. N^o 164 3"; the other in the middle: "Hartmann / Ravnen. / 3^die Akt / Partitur." Paper: 12 staves (pp. 1-40); 14 staves (pp. 41-52); 16 staves (pp. 53-172); 18 staves (pp. 173-224).

DK-KkDet Kongelige Bibliotek, København MA ms 0714 mu 7005.1573.

Vocal score, print, first edition

[Classification: Notated music, Print, Vocal score, First edition, Complete]

Fr. Kistner, Leipzig 1839 (Hofmeister: Nov. 1840).

215 pages.

Title page: RAVNEN. Trylle-Opera i tre Acter / af / J.P.E. HARTMANN. / op. 12 / Texten af H.C. Andersen. Arrangeret for Pianoforte af Componisten. / KJÖBENHAVN: i Commission hos Lose & Olsen. / Der Rabe. / Zauber-Oper in drei Aufzügen. / Musik von J.P.E. Hartmann. / LEIPZIG: bei Fr. Kistner.

On pp. 1-6, an anonymous German translation of the libretto.

Arrangement for piano two hands, print (Cotillon)

[Classification: Notated music, Print, Piano score, Later edition, Excerpt]

C.C. Lose, Copenhagen Jan. 1833.

4 pages.

Title page: SAMLING AF NYE OG YNDEDE DANDSE / for / Piano-forte / 2^den Saml: N^o 12. Cotillon af Ravnen [=Dance from Act 2]

On pp. 8-11 in this collection.

Arrangement for piano two hands, print (Marsch)

[Classification: Notated music, Print, Piano score, First edition, Excerpt]

C.C. Lose, Copenhagen Dec. 1832.

4 pages.

Title page: MARSCH / af Operaen / Ravnen / componered og udsat for / PIANOFORTE / af / J.P.E. Hartmann / Kiöbenhavn hos C.C. Lose & Olsen.

Arrangement for piano two hands, print (excerpts from the finale of Act Three)

[Classification: Notated music, Print, Piano score, Later edition, Excerpt]

Horneman & Erslev, Copenhagen Sep. 1864.

2 pages.

Title page: MUSIKALSK MUSEUM / udgivet af / Horneman & Erslev / 19^de Aargang. / 3. Hefte / RAVNEN. / Opera af J.P.E. Hartmann. / Af 3^die Akts Finale

Pl. no.19.3.

On pp. 19-20 in this collection.

Arrangement for piano four hands, print, (Overture)

[Classification: Notated music, Print, Piano score, First edition, Excerpt]

C.C. Lose, Copenhagen Aug. 1833.

23 pages.

Title page: OUVERTURE / de l'Opéra : / LE CORBEAU / Ravnen / pour le / Piano Forte à 4 mains / composée par/ J.P.E. HARTMANN. / Propriété de l'Editeur. / Copenhague, / chez C.C. Lose

Libretto, print, first edition

[Classification: Text, Print, First edition]

Copenhagen 1832.

53 pages.

Title page: Ravnen eller Broder-Prøven / Trylle-Opera i 3 Acter.

Performances

29 Oct. 1832	The Royal Theatre (Det Kongelige Teater), Copenhagen (Royal Danish Orchestra (Det Kongelige Kapel); conductor: Claus Schall; Johan Frederik Kirchheiner (Millo); Julius Schwartzen (Jennaro); P. Holm (Norando); Eleonore Christine Zrza (Armilla); Christen Foersom (Pantalone); C.N. Rosenkilde (Brighella); Johan Christian Ryge (Truffaldino); Ludvig Phister (Tartaglia); Sophie Jacobine Winsløw (Deramo)). First performance.
30 Oct. 1832	The Royal Theatre (Det Kongelige Teater), Copenhagen (Royal Danish Orchestra (Det Kongelige Kapel); conductor: Claus Schall). Reviews: Kiøbenhavnsposten, 6/175, 1 Nov. 1832, p. 1. Dagen, 2 Nov. 1832.
3 Nov. 1832	The Royal Theatre (Det Kongelige Teater), Copenhagen (Royal Danish Orchestra (Det Kongelige Kapel); conductor: Claus Schall). Review: Dagen, 5 Nov. 1832.
9 Nov. 1832	The Royal Theatre (Det Kongelige Teater), Copenhagen (Royal Danish Orchestra (Det Kongelige Kapel); conductor: Claus Schall).
15 Nov. 1832	The Royal Theatre (Det Kongelige Teater), Copenhagen (Royal Danish Orchestra (Det Kongelige Kapel); conductor: Claus Schall). Review: Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, 16, 1833-04, pp. 253-254 (Friedrich Goetze).
6 Dec. 1833	The Royal Theatre (Det Kongelige Teater), Copenhagen (Royal Danish Orchestra (Det Kongelige Kapel); conductor: Claus Schall; singers: Anna Sophia Franciska Haack (Smeralda); Julie da Fonseca (Deramo)).
14 Dec. 1834	The Royal Theatre (Det Kongelige Teater), Copenhagen (Royal Danish Orchestra (Det Kongelige Kapel); conductor: Peter Funck). Overture only.
11 Oct. 1835	The Royal Theatre (Det Kongelige Teater), Copenhagen (Royal Danish Orchestra (Det Kongelige Kapel); conductor: Peter Funck). Overture only.
19 Nov. 1837	Hofteatret, Copenhagen (Members of the Royal Danish Orchestra (Det Kongelige Kapel); conductor: Johannes Frederik Frøhlich). Introduction to Act Three.
5 Apr. 1840	The Royal Theatre (Det Kongelige Teater), Copenhagen (Royal Danish Orchestra (Det Kongelige Kapel); conductor: Peter Funck). Overture only.
2 Nov. 1850	Casino, Copenhagen (Musikforeningens Kor og Orkester; conductor: Niels W. Gade). Finale of Act Two.
22 Dec. 1853	Casino, Copenhagen (Musikforeningens Kor og Orkester; conductor: Niels W. Gade). Overture, Nos. 2-3, and Finale of Act Two.
5 Mar. 1861	Casino, Copenhagen (Musikforeningens Kor og Orkester; conductor: Niels W. Gade). Festive March and Choir. Concert celebrating Musikforeningen's 25th anniversary.
25 Nov. 1862	Casino, Copenhagen (Musikforeningens Orkester; conductor: Niels W. Gade). Overture only.
3 Apr. 1869	(Musiker-Foreningen). Overture only.
16 May 1885	Casino, Copenhagen (conductor: Otto Malling). Concert celebrating Hartmann's 80th birthday.